LAND USE IMPACTS Total acreage available for development has been calculated from data provided by the 1994 Cleveland Metroparks Open Space Inventory. The data is based on: 1994 Landsat TM Mapper Satellite Imagery 1994 Cleveland Metroparks Open Space Inventory FEMA Flood Data OCAP Natural Resource Data (soils, slope, hydrology) ODNR 1994 Wetlands Inventory The land use classifications used in the inventory were: undeveloped land, agriculture, 100 year flood zones, wetlands, old growth forests, severe slopes, sensitive soils, developed areas, residential areas, miscellaneous open space, parks, water, utilities and roads. Historically, farms, old growth forests, vacant land and areas with sensitive soils have been the primary targets of developers. The amount of land in these land use categories were measured for each area and are indicated as Impact Study Areas A through L on Map 4-1. Map 4-1 Impact Areas Impact Areas A-L are geographic areas with similar chacteristics and development potential. The criteria used to select these areas were: access to I-71; natural features; and political jurisdictions. ACCESS TO I-71 Proximity to existing interchange Proximity to planned interchange Distance from I-71 along arterial road network NATURAL FEATURES Stream Corridors Topography Stream corridors provide a natural boundary to the extension of roads and utilities due to the cost of traversing a stream valley. Similarities in topography - flat, gently sloping or steep - will regulate the rate and location of development. NORTHERN SECTION   Area A Area B Area C Area L   North Royalton Strongsville Columbia Township (Lorain Co.), Brunswick Hills , Liverpool Township Liverpool Township The proposed widening of I-71 is a condition precedent to the construction of a new interchange at Boston Road, which will foster development in these locations. These areas are zoned single-family, commercial and industrial. Sewer services are already available or are planned in a majority of these areas. BOSTON ROAD INTERCHANGE Map 4-2 illustrates the impact that an interchange at Boston Road would have on Cuyahoga Lorain, Medina and Summit Counties. A drive time analysis was run using the current roadway network of the Northeast Ohio region. The areas shown in blue could be reached within five minutes using the local roads around Boston Road. However, the areas outlined in red show that a fifteen minute drive using major arterial or the highway network would have far-reaching impacts into the city of Cleveland and Lorain and Summit Counties. Map 4-2 Boston Road Interchange SOURCE: Spatial Insights NORTHWEST SECTION   Area F Area G   Brunswick Hills and Liverpool Township Brunswick Hills and Medina Township These areas are zoned single-family, commercial and industrial. However, the steep slopes and the fact that sewer services are not uniformly available will dampen growth rates in these areas. The possible construction of a Boston Road interchange will have secondary impacts on the development of these areas. Congestion will be temporarily relieved on I-71at the SR 82 and SR 303 interchanges which will foster continued suburbanization in this area. NORTHEAST SECTION   Area D Area E   Hinckley Township   These areas are zoned single-family, commercial and industrial; however, the lack of sewer service will prevent large scale, higher-density development from occurring in the near future. In spite of these obstacles, the community may continue to feel pressure to establish sewer service in the area contiguous to I-71. This pressure would be increased if the Boston Road interchange is built. WEST CENTRAL SECTION   Area H   Medina Township Primarily zoned as single family and commercial with sewer service planned for portions of the area. Increased accessibility provided by the widening and possible improvements planned to the SR 303 and SR 18 interchanges will foster, and possibly increase, the rate of suburbanization. EAST CENTRAL SECTION   Area I   Granger Township Increased accessibility provided by the widening and possible improvements to the SR 303 and SR 18 interchanges and westward expansion from the heavily commercial Montrose area in Summit County will create pressure to establish or extend public utilities. This area is zoned for single family and commercial. SOUTHERN SECTION   Area K Area J   Montville Township Montville and Sharon Townships The proposed widening of I-71 is also a condition precedent for the construction of a new interchange at SR 162. While this area will continue to suburbanize, an interchange at SR 162 would dramatically increase the rate of growth in these townships due to significantly enhanced accessibility. These areas are zoned for single family and commercial. Sewer service is planned for most of Montville Township and part of Sharon Township. Forecast of Residential Units The number of residential housing units that could be constructed within each area was estimated using the total acreage available and current zoning. In Strongsville and North Royalton, existing housing densities were used. For Medina County communities, the generalized zoning map for Medina County provides a range of housing densities for each listed single family category. The median of each zoning category was then used. For example:   Category Single Family Over 15,000 sq. ft. to .5 acres per lot Single Family 1.5 to 3.0 acres per lot Single Family 0.5 to 1.5 acres per lot   Medina Density 18,390 sq.ft per lot 1.0 acre per lot 2.25 acres per lot Since communities rarely achieve 100% full build-out, high and low estimates of the potential number of residential units was then calculated. The high estimate considers 90% of the total available land being developed and the low estimate considers 70% of the total available land being actually developed. These high and low acreage figures were then reduced by 8%-12%, depending upon zoning regulations, to account for the land that will be required to provide roads and utilities for new residents. This calculation produced the net acreage available for the subdivision of lots. Dividing the net acreage by the zoning requirements produced an estimate of the number of single family lots that could be developed. Community Service Estimates Data from the Urban Land Institute (ULI) Development Impact Assessment Handbook was then applied to approximate the services that the new population, aided by the widening of I-71, will require. As shown on Tables 4.1 through 4.13, the projected number of households and population for each growth area is estimated, along with the number of school children, public services, safety services and transportation needs. For example, in impact area A it is estimated that there will be 392- 472 elementary students and 100 - 199 junior high school and senior high school students that will need to be accomodated in the school system; four tons of solid waste per day to be disposed of; more than 150,000 gallons of sewage per day to be treated; more than 200,000 gallons per day of water will need to be provided; 4 additional police officers and 3 additional firefighters; 51 to 67 additional EMS calls per year; and an estimated 16 new road miles will be needed to handle the 7,548 additional trips per day. Table 4-1 Residential Service Forecasts for Area A Including Portion of Strongsville Population and Households High Estimate Low Estimate New Single-Family Household 851 660 New Population 2,442 1,894 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT K-6 472 394 Junior High School 119 100 Senior High School 119 100 PUBLIC UTILITIES Solid Waste Production (Tons/Day) 4 3 Water Consumption (Gallons/Day) 244,237 189,420 Sewage Production (Gallons/Day) 158,754 123,123 SAFETY SERVICES New Police Officers Required 4 3 New Firefighters Required 3 2 Additional EMS Calls/Year 67 51 TRANSPORTATION New Road Miles to Maintain 7 5 Additional Traffic Trips/Day 7,548 6,303 Table 4-2 Residential Service Forecasts for Area B Including Portion of North Royalton Population and Households High Estimate Low Estimate New Single-Family Household 707 550 New Population 1,838 1,430 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT K-6 422 328 Junior High School 107 83 Senior High School 107 83 PUBLIC UTILITIES Solid Waste Production (Tons/Day) 3 3 Water Consumption (Gallons/Day) 183,820 143,000 Sewage Production (Gallons/Day) 119,483 92,950 SAFETY SERVICES New Police Officers Required 3 2 New Firefighters Required 2 2 Additional EMS Calls/Year 50 39 TRANSPORTATION New Road Miles to Maintain 12 9 Additional Traffic Trips/Day 6,751 5,252 Table 4-3 Residential Service Forecasts for Area C1 Including Portions of Columbia Township, Lorain County Population and Households High Estimate Low Estimate New Single-Family Household 692 539 New Population 2,131 1,660 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT K-6 413 322 Junior High School 104 81 Senior High School 104 81 PUBLIC UTILITIES Solid Waste Production (Tons/Day) 4 3 Water Consumption (Gallons/Day) 213,136 166,012 Sewage Production (Gallons/Day) 138,538 107,908 SAFETY SERVICES New Police Officers Required 3 2 New Firefighters Required 3 2 Additional EMS Calls/Year 58 45 TRANSPORTATION New Road Miles to Maintain 10 8 Additional Traffic Trips/Day 6,608 5,147 Table 4-4 Residential Service Forecasts for Area C2 Including Bruswick Hills and Liverpool Townships Population and Households High Estimate Low Estimate New Single-Family Household 1,274 991 New Population 3,847 2,993 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT K-6 760 591 Junior High School 192 149 Senior High School 192 149 PUBLIC UTILITIES Solid Waste Production (Tons/Day) 7 5 Water Consumption (Gallons/Day) 384,748 299,282 Sewage Production (Gallons/Day) 250,086 194,533 SAFETY SERVICES New Police Officers Required 6 4 New Firefighters Required 5 4 Additional EMS Calls/Year 105 82 TRANSPORTATION New Road Miles to Maintain 19 15 Additional Traffic Trips/Day 12,166 9,464 Table 4-5 Residential Service Forecasts for Area D Including Portion of Hinckley Township Population and Households High Estimate Low Estimate New Single-Family Household 437 339 New Population 1,333 1,034 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT K-6 261 202 Junior High School 66 51 Senior High School 66 51 PUBLIC UTILITIES Solid Waste Production (Tons/Day) 2 2 Water Consumption (Gallons/Day) 133,285 103,395 Sewage Production (Gallons/Day) 86,635 67,207 SAFETY SERVICES New Police Officers Required 2 2 New Firefighters Required 2 1 Additional EMS Calls/Year 36 28 TRANSPORTATION New Road Miles to Maintain 7 6 Additional Traffic Trips/Day 4,173 3,237 Table 4-6 Residential Service Forecasts for Area E Including Portion of Hinckley and Granger Townships Population and Households High Estimate Low Estimate New Single-Family Household 1,559 1,212 New Population 4,755 3,697 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT K-6 930 723 Junior High School 235 183 Senior High School 235 183 PUBLIC UTILITIES Solid Waste Production (Tons/Day) 8 6 Water Consumption (Gallons/Day) 475,495 369,660 Sewage Production (Gallons/Day) 309,072 240,279 SAFETY SERVICES New Police Officers Required 7 6 New Firefighters Required 6 5 Additional EMS Calls/Year 130 101 TRANSPORTATION New Road Miles to Maintain 29 23 Additional Traffic Trips/Day 14,888 11,574 Table 4-7 Residential Service Forecasts for Area F Including Portions of Brunswick Hills and Liverpool Townships Population and Households High Estimate Low Estimate New Single-Family Household 1,746 1,358 New Population 5,273 4,101 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT K-6 1,042 810 Junior High School 263 205 Senior High School 263 205 PUBLIC UTILITIES Solid Waste Production (Tons/Day) 9 7 Water Consumption (Gallons/Day) 527,292 410,116 Sewage Production (Gallons/Day) 342,740 266,575 SAFETY SERVICES New Police Officers Required 8 6 New Firefighters Required 6 5 Additional EMS Calls/Year 144 112 TRANSPORTATION New Road Miles to Maintain 26 20 Additional Traffic Trips/Day 16,674 12,968 Table 4-8 Residential Service Forecasts for Area G Including Portions of Brunswick Hills and Liverpool Townships and Medina Township Population and Households High Estimate Low Estimate New Single-Family Household 552 429 New Population 1,656 1,287 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT K-6 329 256 Junior High School 83 65 Senior High School 83 65 PUBLIC UTILITIES Solid Waste Production (Tons/Day) 3 2 Water Consumption (Gallons/Day) 165,600 128,700 Sewage Production (Gallons/Day) 107,640 83,655 SAFETY SERVICES New Police Officers Required 2 2 New Firefighters Required 2 2 Additional EMS Calls/Year 45 35 TRANSPORTATION New Road Miles to Maintain 10 8 Additional Traffic Trips/Day 5,271 4,076 Table 4-9 Residential Service Forecasts for Area H Including Medina Township Population and Households High Estimate Low Estimate New Single-Family Household 2,987 2,254 New Population 9,230 6,965 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT K-6 1,782 1,345 Junior High School 450 340 Senior High School 450 340 PUBLIC UTILITIES Solid Waste Production (Tons/Day) 16 12 Water Consumption (Gallons/Day) 922,983 696,486 Sewage Production (Gallons/Day) 599,939 453,716 SAFETY SERVICES New Police Officers Required 14 10 New Firefighters Required 11 9 Additional EMS Calls/Year 252 190 TRANSPORTATION New Road Miles to Maintain 56 43 Additional Traffic Trips/Day 28,525 21,525 Table 4-10 Residential Service Forecasts for Area I Including Portions of Granger, Sharon and Hinckley Townships Population and Households High Estimate Low Estimate New Single-Family Household 3,278 2,549 New Population 9,375 7,290 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT K-6 1,956 1,521 Junior High School 494 384 Senior High School 494 384 PUBLIC UTILITIES Solid Waste Production (Tons/Day) 16 13 Water Consumption (Gallons/Day) 937,508 739,014 Sewage Production (Gallons/Day) 609,380 473,859 SAFETY SERVICES New Police Officers Required 14 11 New Firefighters Required 12 9 Additional EMS Calls/Year 256 199 TRANSPORTATION New Road Miles to Maintain 62 48 Additional Traffic Trips/Day 31,304 24,342 Table 4-11 Residential Service Forecasts for Area J Including Portions of Montville and Sharon Townships Population and Households High Estimate Low Estimate New Single-Family Household 4,359 3,390 New Population 12,990 12,102 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT K-6 2,601 2,022 Junior High School 657 511 Senior High School 657 511 PUBLIC UTILITIES Solid Waste Production (Tons/Day) 23 18 Water Consumption (Gallons/Day) 1,298,982 1,010,220 Sewage Production (Gallons/Day) 844,338 656,643 SAFETY SERVICES New Police Officers Required 19 15 New Firefighters Required 16 12 Additional EMS Calls/Year 355 276 TRANSPORTATION New Road Miles to Maintain 82 64 Additional Traffic Trips/Day 41,628 32,374 Table 4-12 Residential Service Forecasts for Area K Including Portion Population and Households High Estimate Low Estimate New Single-Family Household 3,522 2,740 New Population 10,760 8,371 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT K-6 2,101 1,635 Junior High School 531 413 Senior High School 531 431 PUBLIC UTILITIES Solid Waste Production (Tons/Day) 19 15 Water Consumption (Gallons/Day) 1,075,971 837,070 Sewage Production (Gallons/Day) 699,381 544,096 SAFETY SERVICES New Police Officers Required 16 13 New Firefighters Required 13 10 Additional EMS Calls/Year 294 229 TRANSPORTATION New Road Miles to Maintain 67 52 Additional Traffic Trips/Day 33,635 26,167 Table 4-13 Residential Service Forecasts for Area L Including Portions of Liverpool Township Population and Households High Estimate Low Estimate New Single-Family Household 2,665 2,073 New Population 8,102 6,302 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT K-6 1,590 1,237 Junior High School 402 313 Senior High School 402 313 PUBLIC UTILITIES Solid Waste Production (Tons/Day) 14 11 Water Consumption (Gallons/Day) 810,160 630,192 Sewage Production (Gallons/Day) 526,604 409,625 SAFETY SERVICES New Police Officers Required 12 9 New Firefighters Required 10 8 Additional EMS Calls/Year 221 172 TRANSPORTATION New Road Miles to Maintain 39 31 Additional Traffic Trips/Day 25,450 19,797 Table 4-14 Annualized Cost of Services for Areas A-L   High Estimate Low Estimate SCHOOL ENROLLMENT Primary and Secondary Education Additional Students 22,065 17,142 Average Expenditure per Pupil $5,827 $5,827 Added Costs Per Year $128,572,755 $99,886,434 SAFETY FORCES Police Additional Officers Required 110 82 Personnel Costs per Year at $10.40/hr. $27,123 $27,123 Added Costs per Year $2,983,530 $2,224,086 Fire Additional Firefighters Required 91 71 Personnel costs per Year at $10.40/hr. $21,632 $21,632 Added Costs per Year $1,968,512 $1,535,872 PUBLIC UTILITIES Sewage Gallons per Day 4,792,590 3,713,069 Per Capita Costs $83 $83 $397,784,970 $308,184,727 Costs per Year $145,191,514,050 $112,487,425,355 Solid Waste Tons per Day 128 100 Per Capita Costs $54 $54 $6,912 $5,400 Costs per Year $2,522,880 $1,971,000 Water Consumption Gallons per Day 7,373,217 5,712,567 Per Capita Costs $0.024 $0.024 Costs per Year $64,589,381 $50,042,087 TOTAL $145,392,151,108 $112,643,084,834 SOURCE: Statistical Abstract of the United States 1997 - Tables 384, 478, 484 for State/Local Expenditures; Ohio Department of Education; Ohio Municipal League; City of Cleveland Water Department   Page 1: General Patterns of Growth Page 2: Land Use Impacts Page 3: Cost of Community Services Page 4: Environmental Effects Page 5: Social Impacts Page 6: Social Impacts on Areas Experiencing Decline

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